Hi, I'm Dr. Dave Robinson. I'm a professor in the Department of Geography at Rutgers University. For the last 30 years, I've been your New Jersey state climatologist. This first few slides we'll to look at today are an introduction to the journey you're going to be on in the coming days to look at the climate and climate change in New Jersey. Let's get going. I'm going to shrink myself up and hide up in the corner and we'll get to the slides which are more wash, more interesting. Let's just start off with an overview. Climate if you will, Climate 101. The gray complex climate system in which we live it is a system. Everything is connected to everything else. We get our heat to drive the system from the sun, that sun gets into the atmosphere, the first sphere you can see on this figure, and it interacts with the cryosphere. That's all things frozen snow, ice on land, ice sheets, sea ice and such. Then the unfrozen hydrosphere, lakes and rivers and particularly the oceans that cover three-quarters, almost three-quarters of our globe. We can't forget the lithosphere, the geologic side of things where we talk about our mountains and our valleys and our volcanoes that can have influence on the climate system. Let's also look at the biosphere in the ocean, but also on land, the tundra, the forests, the fields, the deserts. Then look there front and center are human activities, are factories, are roadways are farms and fields. All these things playing a vital role in this system. We've got all these natural spheres and then it's been punctuated in recent centuries and particularly recent decades by human activities. Moving on to the next slide, we're going to be looking at time series of changes of our climate. But again, focusing on New Jersey. New Jersey while sitting here in the middle latitudes, halfway between the North pole and the equator, with a large continent off to our west and a large ocean to our east. We're squeezed in and it's wearing that Babel zone between all of these different directions and the cold, and the warmth and the moisture and the dryness. That's why our climate is so variable and it can change on a dime. Both our weather and then ultimately going into our climate. We have some preferred climate zones in New Jersey. The hills and valleys of the Northwest, little further north, little more elevation, little further from the ocean. Let's jump right over to the ocean. The maritime area in blue, greatly influenced by the ocean and bays off to its east, moderating and leading to milder winters and cooler summers. Then we'll move inland and to the north, we've got the Piedmont area mentioned here as central. Lot of people live in that area. You have a localized urban heat islands, but it's a tweener zone between the hills to the north and the ocean and Southern expanses to our south. Then you go south into the pylons with its unique vegetation. A great far as fire threatened there at times because the sandy soils can dry out very quickly even after a heavy rain. Then to the Southwest, which is our agricultural breadbasket, if you will, where we're a little further south, little further inland, low elevation. It tends to be the mildest area of the state. While a small state, we do have a fair bit of variety, but overall we are a mid-latitude for season climate. Then finally, we're going to be touching multiple times on sunny day flooding, also known as nuisance flooding. This isn't big time flooding here that's associated with a coastal Nor'easter in the winter or a tropical system in the summer or fall. Rather, it's associated with the rising of sea level we've seen in the last century that's influencing conditions at low elevations that previously were mostly dry and now on occasion get flooding with a full moon on, on a sunny day. We'll be talking about that now. What it looks like for the future. They're just, you'll see this figure and several pieces later on. But this is a number of days in Atlantic City with sunny day flooding until present. These are projections of the number of days it's sunny day flooding the remainder of this century. You can see it's going to become a big issue as sea level continues to rise almost in every day event along some of the low-lying warps and roadways along New Jersey coast. There we have it. Looking forward to talking to you more as we get into other sections here. But this again wanted to just serve as a little bit of introduction to wet your appetite.